August 28, 2025: India is set to begin flight trials of its homegrown M1 interceptor missile in 2026 as part of Project Kusha, a major initiative to establish a fully indigenous long-range air defence system. The complete missile system is expected to be operational by 2030, providing capabilities similar to the Russian-made S-400 Triumf currently in use by the Indian Air Force.
Project Kusha, formally termed the Extended Range Air Defence System (ERADS), is designed to protect India’s airspace from a range of aerial threats, including drones, cruise missiles, and high-speed fighter jets. The system will feature three interceptor missiles: M1 for short-range targets up to 150 km, M2 for medium-range targets up to 250 km, and M3 for long-range targets up to 350 km.
The M1 missile will undergo its first flight tests in 2026, with the M2 and M3 variants scheduled for trials in 2027 and 2028. The full system is slated for induction into service by 2030, enhancing India’s strategic and defensive capabilities.
Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) is collaborating with DRDO, including its Defence Research and Development Laboratory (DRDL) and Research Centre Imarat (RCI), on the development of the system. The project will integrate advanced radar, satellite-based communication, and artificial intelligence to ensure swift detection and interception of incoming threats.
Defense analysts say Project Kusha reflects India’s push toward self-reliance in defense technology. By creating a domestic alternative to imported missile systems, the country aims to strengthen its deterrence capability while reducing dependence on foreign suppliers.
Once operational, Project Kusha will significantly enhance India’s air defence network, providing a reliable shield against modern aerial threats and boosting national security.
